When you have decided to purchase a semi-automatic espresso machine, you have to consider these several points: Heating Technology, Portafilter and Grouphead.
Firstly, we should take note about the pumps found on espresso machines. Many times, you will notice that there are many espresso machines with 15-bar or 18-bar pumps and this typically should be disregarded. Majority of the espresso makers are using similar stock pump which are made by the company, Ulka. Its vibration pumps are reliable and rarely fail. But the maximum pressure would be meaningless, because quality espressos are best extracted around 8 to 10 bars at the grouphead. Pressure is regulated by an Over Pressure Valve that “bleeds” the water away lowering the pressure.
That is why some of the semi-commercial espresso machines are using rotary vane pumps. By using rotary vane pumps than vibration pumps, it will create less noise to operate, robust, and users can control the brew pressure by altering the built-in screw.
HEATING TECHNOLOGIES – Thermoblocks, Single Boilers, Double Boilers and Heat Exchangers
Thermoblocks – generally a heating component which “flash heats” water. The water is drawn from cold water chamber and go through the heated thermoblock, delivering on demand. The thermoblock steaming is achieved when the temperature is raised even higher on the device and getting the pump to deliver small water bursts which are again go through its thermoblock, then heated in to steam.
Thermoblock Espresso Machine
The advantage of a thermoblock is that it can heat up really fast and steam or espresso production would not be limited because the thermoblock is often hot. A major disadvantage of a thermoblock system is that, the temperature is rather unstable due to the small thermal mass. The extraction temp from thermoblock systems could widely vary and steam produced is commonly quiet wet as well.
Semi automatic espresso machine which uses thermoblocks are Cuisine Art, Breville, Delonghi, Krups and other entry machines.
Learn more about the best espresso machine for home: http://coffeemakerpicks.com/home-espresso-machines/
Single Boilers – made of aluminum, brass or stainless steel. It serves 2 purposes: the steam production and espresso extraction. It draws the water from the water reservoir and heats water to a set temp. If steam is required, its heating component will heat the water further and creates pressure in the boiler. Steam will be released by opening the valve that travels through the steaming wand. All are mechanical and no need for pump in steam production.
The advantages of a single boiler are the temp stability when extracting espressos, and an improved steam due of a dryer steam. While the disadvantages are the down time between switching from the extraction of espresso and producing steam (the time for water to boil and cool)
Some examples of espresso machines that feature single boilers are Rancilio, Gaggia and Lelit.
Continue reading about the Double Boilers and Heat Exchangers: http://www.idrinkcoffee.com/Articles.asp?ID=163